Technical Analysis

How Games Implement RNG
OSRS vs Genshin vs Dota 2

Ever wondered why OSRS feels brutally unfair while Genshin Impact guarantees your rewards? Here's the complete technical breakdown of how different games implement random number generation - and why it matters for your gaming experience.

TL;DR: The Key Differences

OSRS: True RNG

Pure randomness. Can go 10x dry or get back-to-back drops. No protection.

Genshin: Pity System

Guaranteed rewards after set attempts. Bad luck protection built-in.

Dota 2: PRD

Pseudo-random distribution prevents extreme streaks while feeling random.

Why Understanding RNG Systems Matters

The brutal truth: Most players don't understand why they feel "cursed" by RNG. The answer isn't your luck - it's the fundamental differences in how games generate random numbers.

What You'll Learn:

  • • Why OSRS dry streaks can last forever
  • • How Genshin's pity system actually works
  • • Why Dota 2 crits feel more "fair"
  • • How to spot manipulated vs true RNG

Problems This Solves:

  • • Stop feeling "cursed" by bad luck
  • • Set realistic expectations for grinds
  • • Understand when RNG is actually unfair
  • • Make smarter spending decisions

Technical RNG System Breakdown

Old School RuneScape (OSRS)

True Pseudo-Random

System Details

Drop Rate:Fixed percentages
Protection:None (Pure RNG)
Worst Case:Theoretically infinite dry streaks possible

Player Experience

High variance, extreme dry streaks possible

✅ Advantages

  • Authentic randomness
  • Rare items feel special
  • No artificial manipulation

❌ Disadvantages

  • Can go extremely dry
  • No protection against bad luck
  • Frustrating streaks

Technical Implementation

Uses standard PRNG algorithms with fixed seed values. Each attempt is completely independent.

Genshin Impact

Pity System with Soft/Hard Caps

System Details

Drop Rate:0.6% base, escalating to 100%
Protection:Guaranteed 5-star at 90 pulls
Worst Case:Maximum 90 pulls for guaranteed 5-star (180 for featured character)

Player Experience

Predictable spending, guaranteed outcomes

✅ Advantages

  • Guaranteed results
  • Predictable costs
  • Reduced frustration

❌ Disadvantages

  • Less excitement
  • Feels manipulated
  • Expensive guarantees

Technical Implementation

Implements progressive probability increases starting at pull 75, reaching 100% at pull 90.

Dota 2

Pseudo-Random Distribution (PRD)

System Details

Drop Rate:Progressive probability
Protection:Streak prevention
Worst Case:Limited by PRD mechanics - extreme streaks mathematically prevented

Player Experience

Consistent performance, fewer extreme streaks

✅ Advantages

  • Reduced variance
  • More consistent gameplay
  • Skill over luck

❌ Disadvantages

  • Exploitable by experts
  • Less authentic randomness
  • Complex to understand

Technical Implementation

Uses PRD algorithms that increase probability after each failure, resetting after success.

Side-by-Side Mechanics Comparison

Drop Rate Calculation

OSRS

P = 1 - (1 - rate)^attempts

Genshin Impact

Progressive rates: 0.6% → 32.4% → 100%

OSRS uses pure binomial probability while Genshin modifies rates dynamically

Bad Luck Protection

OSRS

None - can theoretically never get drop

Genshin Impact

Hard pity at 90 pulls guarantees 5-star

Genshin prevents worst-case scenarios that OSRS allows

Player Psychology Impact

OSRS

High emotional swings, authentic randomness feels

Genshin Impact

Controlled experience, predictable frustration points

Different systems create vastly different emotional experiences

Common RNG Misconceptions Debunked

Myth: "If I'm due for a drop, my chances increase"

Reality: Each attempt has identical probability (in true RNG games)

Applies to:OSRS, WoW Classic, most MMORPGs
The Truth:The game doesn't remember your previous attempts

Myth: "Streamers get better RNG than regular players"

Reality: Confirmation bias - we only see highlight clips

Applies to:All games
The Truth:Streamers play more hours = more chances for extreme outcomes

Myth: "New players get 'beginner luck' bonuses"

Reality: Some games do implement this, others don't

Applies to:Many mobile games, some MMOs
The Truth:Check game documentation - this varies by developer

Myth: "Computers can generate truly random numbers"

Reality: All computer RNG is pseudo-random using algorithms

Applies to:Every digital game
The Truth:True randomness requires external entropy sources

The Psychology: Why RNG Feels "Rigged"

The Statistical Reality That Hurts

🎯 OSRS Pet Example (1/5000 drop rate)

At 5,000 kills:

63.2% chance to get pet

36.8% still dry

At 15,000 kills:

95.0% chance to get pet

5% STILL dry (1 in 20 players)

This means: In a room of 20 OSRS players grinding for a 1/5000 pet, one player will likely still be dry at 3x the drop rate. That's not broken RNG - that's mathematics.

Cognitive Biases That Trick Your Brain

🧠 Negativity Bias

Your brain remembers painful experiences (dry streaks) 5x more strongly than positive ones (lucky drops).

Solution: Keep a luck log - track both good and bad RNG over time.

🎰 Gambler's Fallacy

Believing that past failures make future success more likely. "I'm due for a drop!"

Reality: Each attempt has identical odds (in true RNG systems).

Real-World RNG Examples

⚔️OSRS: The Unforgiving Truth

How It Works

if (random(1, 5000) == 1) {
  dropPet();
}

Every single kill rolls a number from 1-5000. If it hits 1, you get the pet. Previous kills don't affect future rolls.

Player Reality

Documented dry streak: 20,000+ Zulrah kills without pet

Lucky player: Pet on kill #3 (0.0006% chance)

🌟Genshin Impact: The Safety Net

Pity System Breakdown

Pulls 1-74:0.6% chance
Pulls 75-89:Scaling to ~32%
Pull 90:100% guaranteed

Why This Exists

Mobile games need predictable spending. A whale can't spend $2000 and get nothing - they'd quit and chargeback.

Business Reality: Pity systems increase player retention and spending confidence.

Dota 2: The Middle Ground

PRD Algorithm

25% crit chance doesn't mean 25% per hit. Instead:

Hit 1: 8.5% chance
Hit 2: 17.0% chance
Hit 3: 25.5% chance
Hit 4: 34.0% chance
Hit 5: 42.5% chance (if no crit yet)

Player Benefits

  • • No 0% crit in 20 hits (impossible)
  • • No 100% crit in 5 hits (very rare)
  • • Consistent damage output
  • • Still feels random to players

Is RNG Actually "Rigged"? The Evidence

Cases of ACTUAL Rigging

Documented Cases:

  • Gacha games: Some mobile games caught manipulating rates for big spenders
  • Chinese games: Required by law to publish actual drop rates
  • Casino games: Eddie Tipton lottery scandal (2017)

The Reality: Most major games (OSRS, Genshin, League, etc.) use legitimate RNG. The "rigged" feeling comes from not understanding the underlying math.

Why Streamers Seem Luckier

Volume Effect

Streamers play 8-12 hours daily. More attempts = more extreme outcomes (both lucky and unlucky).

Highlight Bias

You only see the clips when something crazy happens. Boring, average RNG doesn't go viral.

Sample Size

With thousands of streamers, someone will always have extreme luck on any given day.

Practical RNG Survival Guide

For OSRS Players

Set Realistic Expectations

Going 2x drop rate is normal (happens to ~13% of players)

Use Our Calculator

Calculate your actual odds before starting a grind

Have Exit Plans

Decide beforehand when you'll stop or switch activities

For Gacha Players

Understand Pity Timing

Know exactly when soft pity starts (usually around 75 pulls)

Budget for Worst Case

Always budget for hard pity (180 pulls for featured character)

Track Pity Across Banners

Understand which pity carries over and which resets

Technical Deep Dive: How RNG Actually Works

Pseudo-Random vs True Random

🖥️ Pseudo-Random (All Games)

How: Mathematical algorithms using seed values

Predictable: Given the same seed, produces identical sequence

Speed: Extremely fast computation

⚡ True Random (Rare)

How: External entropy (atmospheric noise, radioactive decay)

Predictable: Completely unpredictable

Speed: Slower, requires external hardware

Important: Even "true random" games like OSRS use pseudo-random algorithms. The difference is in how they manipulate the results, not the generation method.

The Future of Gaming RNG

Trends We're Seeing

  • 📈More Bad Luck Protection: Even hardcore games adding soft pity systems
  • 📊Transparency: Games publishing actual drop rate algorithms
  • 🧠Psychology-Aware Design: Systems designed around cognitive biases
  • ⚖️Regulation: Laws requiring disclosure of odds and mechanics

What This Means for Players

Better Player Education

Games will need to explain their RNG systems clearly

Hybrid Systems

Expect more games with both random and protected elements

Player Choice

Options to choose between pure RNG and protected systems

Take Action: Tools to Master RNG

🧮

Use Our Calculator

Calculate your real odds before starting any grind. Know what you're getting into.

Try Calculator
📖

Learn the Psychology

Understand why you feel unlucky and how to manage RNG psychology.

Read Psychology Guide
🎯

Plan Your Grinds

Set realistic expectations and exit strategies for your rare item hunts.

Pet Hunting Guide

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Why does OSRS feel more unfair than other games?

A: OSRS uses pure RNG with no bad luck protection. This means extreme dry streaks are not just possible - they're statistically guaranteed to happen to some players. Other games implement pity systems to prevent this frustration.

Q: Can I actually improve my RNG luck?

A: In true RNG systems (like OSRS), no. Each attempt has identical odds. However, in games with PRD or pity systems, you can optimize timing and understand the mechanics to maximize efficiency.

Q: How can I tell if a game's RNG is manipulated?

A: Look for published drop rates, check if the game uses pity systems, and observe if your results match statistical expectations over large sample sizes. Transparency is key - legitimate games publish their mechanics.

Q: Which RNG system is "better" for players?

A: It depends on your preference. Pity systems provide certainty and prevent extreme frustration, while pure RNG maintains the authentic thrill of randomness. Many players prefer hybrid approaches that offer some protection without removing all unpredictability.

Key Takeaways

Understanding RNG Systems

  • • OSRS = Pure randomness, no protection
  • • Genshin = Pity system with guarantees
  • • Dota 2 = PRD prevents extreme streaks
  • • All computer RNG is technically "pseudo-random"

Managing Your Expectations

  • • Going 2-3x drop rate is statistically normal
  • • Your brain amplifies bad luck memories
  • • Streamers aren't luckier - they play more
  • • Use math, not emotions, to evaluate RNG